Memory or Storage Devices of Computer | RAM | ROM

In this post we discuss Memory or Storage Devices of Computer | RAM | ROM  . In computer system the main processes and data read or write through the help of storage devices in which primary storage is known as RAM and ROM chip while in secondary known as Hard Disk mainly.

What is Memory?

An internal storage area in computer is memory. The term memory is used for physical memory which refers to actual clip capable of holding data. 

Storage (Memory)  devices

There is also virtual memory which expand physical memory onto a hard disk.The devices that are used to store the data are called storage devices. 

A computer consists of two types of storage devices:-

• Primary Storage (Memory)
• Secondary Storage (Memory)

Primary Memory

RAM (Random Access Memory) and ROM (Read only Memory) are called the primary memory or main memory of the computer. A computer executes the instructions always from the main memory.

1-RAM (Random Access Memory)

It is a volatile memory which means it stores the data on temporary basis. It removes the data when the computer is turned off or when electricity failure occurs.

RAM can be categorized as-

1. SRAM (Static RAM)
2. DRAM (Dynamic RAM)
3. SDRAM (Synchronous RAM)
4. DDRRAM (Double Data Rate RAM) 

1-SRAM (Static Random Access Memory)

Static RAMs can retain stored information as long as the power supply is on. It requires constant power supply.

2-DRAM (Dynamic Random Access Memory)

Dynamic RAMs looses its stored information in a very short period of time.

RAM (Random Access Memory)

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2-ROM (Read Only Memory)

It is a non-volatile memory. It means it is a permanent memory and cannot be altered, once used.

ROM (Read Only Memory)

Secondary Memory

Secondary storage is required to store the data permanently. It means that all the data will remain stored in the device whether the power is switched on or switched off. 

The data can be altered, modified and deleted from this type of storage if required.  The various secondary storage devices are as follows:

1-Hard disk

A hard disk is fixed inside the system unit. It can store huge amount of data (more than 500 GB data) permanently until someone erase it purposely.

Hard disk

2-CD (Compact Disk)

A CD is circular in shape. It is used to store the data up to 700 MB. It is portable storage device. It is mostly used to store the songs, documents, software, games, etc.

CD (compact disk)

3-DVD (Digital Versatile disk)

A DVD looks like CD. But, it is commonly used to store movies, videos, heavy graphics, etc . as it can store up-to 4.7 GB data.

DVD disk

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4-BD (Blu-ray disk)

 A Blu-ray disc is used to storing HD graphics, movies, etc. It comes in different sizes like 2.5 GB, 50 GB and 100 GB. It is expensive than the CDs and DVDs.

Blu ray disk

5-Pen Drive (Flash drive) – 

A pen drive is small in size that is why it can be easily carried from one place to another. It can store a large amount of data than CDs or DVDs. It is connected  to the USB port which is available on backside and front side of the CPU cabinet (system unit).

Pen Drive

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